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Universal Declaration of Human Rights |
QUR’AN |
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Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. |
Qur’an 4:1.
O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women. And fear Allah, through whom (In whose name) you ask one another (i.e., request favors and demand rights), and the wombs (i.e., fear Allah in regard to relations of kinship). Indeed Allah is ever, over you, an Observer.
Qur’an 17:70.
And We have certainly honored the children of Adam and carried them on the land and sea and provided for them of the good things and preferred them over much of what We have created, with (definite) preference.
Qur’an 2:34.And mention when We said to the angels: "Prostrate before Adam"
Al 45:13.And He has subjected to youwhatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth – all from Him.
Qur’an 95:4.We have certainly created person in the best of stature. |
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Article 2
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. |
Qur’an 2:30
And, when your Lord said to the angels: Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority.
Qur’an 30:22.
And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and your colours. Indeed in that are signs for those of knowledge.
Qur’an 3:195.
And their Lord responded to them: "Never will I allow to be lost the work of any among you, whether male or female; You are of one another.
Qur’an 2:62.
Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabeans (before Prophet Muhammad) those (among them) who believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteousness - will have their reward with their Lord, and no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve.
Qur’an 46:19.
And to all are (assigned) derees according to the deeds which they (have done), and in order that (Allah) may recompense their deeds, and no injustice be done to them.
3:64Say O People of the Scripture, come to a word that is common - equitable between us and you - that we will not worship except Allah and not associate none with Him and not take one another as lords instead of Allah.
7:181.
And among those We created is a community which guides by truth and thereby establishes justice. |
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Article 3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
The International Covenant on Civil & Political Rights (ICCPR)
Article 6
1. Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life.
2.In countries which have not abolished the death penalty, sentence of death may be imposed only for the most serious crimes in accordance with the law in force at the time of the commission of the crime and not contrary to the provisions of the present Covenant and to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This penalty can only be carried out pursuant to a final judgment rendered by a competent court.
Article 24.1
NB/ The death penalty is only forbidden for young and pregnant women.
Abort & euthanasia are not forbidden |
Qur’an 5 (al-Ma-idah): 32.
"… whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption (done) in the land it is as he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one, it is as if he had saved mankind entirely."
Qur’an 17:31.
And do not kill your children for fear of poverty.
Qur’an 109:6.
Unto you your religion and unto me my religion.
Qur’an 8:26.
Call to mind when you were a small (band), despised through the land, and afraid that men might despoil and kidnap you; But He provided a safe asylum for you, strengthened you with His aid, and gave you Good things for sustenance: that you might be grateful.
Qur’an 4:29 And do not kill yourselves (or one another). Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.
Qur’an 6:140
Those will have lost who killed their children in foolishness without knowledge and prohibited what Allah had provided for them, inventing untruth about Allah. They have gone astray and were not (rightly) guided.
& 151 And to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities. And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden (to be killed) execpt by legal right. |
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Article 4.
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
ICPCR, Article 8 |
Qur’an 2:177.
Righteousness is – out of love for Allah – to give wealth, in spite of love for it (…) and for freeing slaves (1).
Qur’an 9:60.Zakah exenditures are only for the poor and for (…) freeing captives [or slaves] and for the [stranded] traveler.90:12-15And what can make you know what is [breaking through] the difficult pass? It is the freeing of a slave. Or feeding on a day of severe hunger an orphan … |
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Article 5.
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. |
Qur’an 76:8.
And they give food, for the love of Allah, the needy, the orphan, and the captive (2).
Qur’an 47:4.When you have inflicted slaughter upon them, then secure their bonds, and either [confer] favor afterwards (grace) or ransom them until the war lays down its burdens. That is the command). |
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Article 6.
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. |
Qur’an 4:135.
O ye who believe! Stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses to Allah, even as against yourselves, or your parents, or your kin, and whether it be (against) rich or poor: for Allah can best protect both. Follow not the lusts (of your hearts), lest ye swerve, and if ye distort (justice) or decline to do justice, verily Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do.
Qur’an 5 (al-Ma-idah):42.
If thou judge, judge in equity between them. For Allah loveth those who judge in equity.
Qur’an 38:26.
So judge thou between men in truth (and justice): Nor follow thou the lusts (of thy heart), for they will mislead thee from the Path of Allah.
Qur’an 6:164.
Every soul draws the meed of its acts on none but itself: no bearer of burdens can bear the burden of another.
Qur’an 5 (al-Ma-idah):8.
O ye who believe! Stand out firmly for Allah, as witnesses to fair dealing, and let not the hatred of others to you make you swerve to wrong and depart fro justice. Be just: that is next to piety: and fear Allah. For Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do.
Qur’an 3, 18
Qur’an XVI,90Lo! Allah commandeth justice…and forbiddeth lewdness and injustice and rebellion |
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Article 7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. |
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Article 8.
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. |
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Article 9.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. |
Qur’an 6 (al-An'am):164
17 (al-Isra) :15.
(...) and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. (...)
Qur’an 4,135
Qur’an XLII,15
I am commanded to be just among you |
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Article 10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him |
Qur’an 35 (Fatir) :18.
And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. And if a heavily laden soul calls [another] to [carry some of] its load, nothing of it will be carried, even if he should be a close relative (...). |
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Article 11.
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. |
Qur’an 24 (al-Nur) :4.
And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses – lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient.
Qur’an 24 (al-Nur) :12-13.
Why, when you heard it, did not the believing men and believing women think good of themselves [i.e., one another] and say, "This is an obvious falsehood"?
Why did they [who slandered] not produce for it four witnesses? And when they do not produce the witnesses, then it is they, in the sight of Allah, who are liars.
Qur’an 5 (al-Maida): 98.
Know that Allah is severe in penalty and that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
XLIX, 6 & 12 |
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Article 12.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. |
Qur’an 24 (al-Nur) :27-28.
O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than own houses until you ascertain welcome and greet their inhabitants. That is best for you; perhaps you will be reminded [i.e., advised]
And if you do not find anyone therein, do not enter them until permission has been given you. And if it is said to you, "Go back," then go back; it is purer for you. And Allah is Knowingof what you do.
Qur’an 49 (al-Hujurat):11-12.
O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule [another] people; perhaps they may be better than them; nor let women ridicule [other] women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not insult one another and do not call each other by [offensive] nicknames. (...) avoid much [negative] assumption. Indeed, some assumption is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other. (...)
24, 58 & 59 ; XLIX, 12 |
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Article 13.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. |
Qur’an 22 (al-Haj) :46.
So have they not traveled through the earth and have hearts by which to reason and ears by which to hear? For indeed, it is not eyes that are blinded, but blinded are the hearts which are within the breasts
Qur’an 67 (al-Mulk) :15.
It is He who made the earth tame for you – so walk among its slopes and eat of His provision – and to Him is the resurrection
Qur’an 4 (Annissa) :97-99
[the angels] will say, « In what [condition] were you?" They will say, "We were oppressed in the land". They [the angels] will say, "Was not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" (…) Except for the oppressed among men, women and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way (…). And whoever emigrates for the cause of Allah will find on the earth many [alternative] locations and abundance. |
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Article 14.
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. |
Qur’an 9 (al-Tawbah) :6.
And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the words of Allah[i.e., the Qur'an]. Then deliver him to his place of safety. That is because they are a people who do not know. |
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Article 15.
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. |
Qur’an 49 (al-Hujurat) :13.
O mankind! Indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. (...). |
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Article 16.
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. |
Qur’an 5 (al-Ma-ida):5.
And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given The Scripture before you, ...
Qur’an 4 (al-Nisa) :24
And lawful to you are [all others] beyond these, [provided] that you seek them [in marriage] with [gifts from] your property, desiring chastity not unlawful sexual intercourse. (...) give them their due compensation as an obligation. And there is no blame upon you for what you mutually agree to beyond the obligation. Indeed, Allan is ever Knowing and Wise.
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :221.
And do not marry polytheistic women until they believe. (...) And do not marry polytheistic men [to your women] until they believe. ...
Qur’an 4 (al-Nisa) :35.
And if your fear dissension between the two, send an arbitrator from his people and an arbitrator from her people. If they both desire reconciliation, Allah will cause it between them. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Acquainted [with all things].
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :232.
And when you divorce women and they have fulfilled their term, do not prevent them from remarrying their [former] husbunds if they [i.e., all parties] agree among themselves on an acceptable basis. |
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Article 17.
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. |
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :188.
And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [that might aid] you [to] consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know [it is unlawful].
Qur’an 4 (an-Nisa) :2.
And give to the orphans their properties and do not substitute the defective [of your own] for the
good [of theirs]. And do not consume their properties into your own. Indeed, that is ever a great sin.
Qur’an Yassine 71-73; al-Baqarah 29, 274 ; al-Tawbah 103 ; al-Nisa 7, 29
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Article 18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion* or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
NB/ freedom to change religion modified by ICPCR |
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :256.
The shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion.
Qur’an 18 (al-Kahf) :29.
And say, "The truth is from your Lord, so whoever wills – let him believe; and whoever wills – let him disbelieve."
Qur’an 10 (Yunus) :99
And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed – all of them entirely. Then [O Muhammad], would you compel the people in order that they become believers?
Qur’an XC 10Say (O Muhammad, it is) the truth from the Lord of you (all). Then whosoever will, let him believe, and whosoever will, let him disbelieve. |
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Article 19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. |
Qur’an 6 (al-An'am):108.
And do not insult those they invoke other Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge.
Qur’an 16 (al-Nahl) :125.
Invite to the religion of your Lord with wisdom and good instruction, and argue with them in a way that is best...
34\46 |
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Article 20.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association. |
Qur’an 109 (al-Kafirun) :6.
"... For you is your religion, and for me is my religion." |
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Article 21.
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. |
Qur’an 3 (al 'Imran) :159.
So by mercy from Allah, [O Muhammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely upon Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who rely [upon him].
Qur’an 42 (al-Shurah) :38.
And those who have responded to their Lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend.. |
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Article 22.
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. |
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :177.
Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; ...
Qur’an 30 (al-Rum) : 38-39.
So give the relative his right, as well as the needy and the traveler. That is best for those who desire the countenance of Allah, and it is they who will be the successful.
And whatever you give for interest [i.e., advantage] to increase within the wealth of people will not increase with Allah. But what you give in zakah, desiring the countenance of Allah – those are the multipliers. |
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Article 23.
1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.
3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. |
Qur’an 4 (an-Nisa) :32.
For men is a share of what have earned, and for the women is a share of what they have earned.
Qur’an 16 (an-Nahl) :97.
Whoever does righteousness, whether male or female, while he is a believer – We will surely cause him to live a good life, and We will surely give them their reward [in the hereafter] according to the best of what they used to do.
Qur’an 46 (al-Ahqaf) :19.
And for all there are degrees [of reward and punishment] for what they have done, and [it is] so that He may fully compensate them for their deeds, and they will not be wronged. |
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Article 24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. |
Qur’an 27 (an-Naml) :86.
Do they not see that We made the night that they may rest therein and the day giving sight? Indeed in that are signs for a people who believe.
Qur’an 40 (Ghafir) : 61.
It is Allah who made for you the night that you may rest therein and the day giving sight. Indeed, Allah is full of bounty to the people but most of the people are not grateful. |
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Article 25.
1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
ICCPR, 6 |
Qur’an 76 (al-Insan) :8.
And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive.
Qur’an 31 (Luqman) :14.
And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to you parents; to Me is the [final] destination.
Qur’an 4 (an-Nisa) :34.
Men are in charge of women … (Men are the protectors and maintainers of women). |
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Article 26.
1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. |
Qur’an 20 (Ta Ha) :114.
and say, "My Lord, increase me in knowledge."
Qur’an 39 (az-Zumar) :9.
Say, "Are those who know equal to those who do not know?" ... And of His signs is the creation f the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and your coulours. Indeed in that are signs for those of knowledge.
Qur’an 30:22.
And among His Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages and your colours: verily in that are Signs for those who know.
Qur’an 49 (al-Hujurat) :9.
And if two factions among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two.
Qur’an 41 (Fussilat) :34.
And not equal are the good deed and the bad. Repel [evil] by that [deed] which is better; and thereupon, the one whom between you and him is enmity [will become] as though he was a devoted friend. |
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Article 27.
1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. |
Qur’an 22 (al-Haj) :46.
So have they not traveled through the earth and have hearts by which to reason and ears by which to hear? For indeed, it is not eyes that are blinded, but blinded are the hearts which are within the breasts.
Qur’an 58 (al-Mujadilah) :11.
Allah will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allah is Acquainted with what you do.
Qur’an 84 (al-Inshiqaq) :19.
[That] you will surely embark upon [i.e., experience] state after state. |
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Article 28.
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. |
Qur’an 2 (al-Baqarah) :257.
Allah is the ally of those who believe. He brings them out from darknesses into the light. And those who disbelieve – their allies are taghut. They take them out of the light into the darknesses. |
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Article 29.
1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. |
Qur’an 3 (al 'Imran) :104.
And let there be [arising] from you a nation inviting to [all that is] good, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong, and those will be the successful.
Qur’an 9 (at-Tawbah) :71.
The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and establish prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. |
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Article 30.
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein. |
Qur’an 42 (al-Shura) :39-43.
And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they defend themselves.
And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation – his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.
And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged – those have not upon them any cause [for blame].
The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.
And whoever is patient and forgives – indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve. |
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